If you're planning a trip to Taiwan, understanding the basics about the country can make your journey more enjoyable and stress-free. From language and currency to local customs and transportation, this guide offers essential travel information for first-time visitors to Taiwan. Get ready to explore this vibrant island with confidence and curiosity.
General Facts About Taiwan
Taiwan, officially known as the Republic of China (ROC), is a vibrant island nation located in East Asia, just off the southeastern coast of mainland China. With a population of about 23 million people, Taiwan boasts a dynamic blend of traditional Chinese culture, indigenous heritage, and modern innovation. Its capital, Taipei, is a bustling metropolis filled with world-class cuisine, high-tech industries, and historical landmarks.
The official language is Mandarin Chinese, although many locals also speak Taiwanese Hokkien. English is not widely spoken, especially outside urban areas, so it's helpful to learn a few basic phrases or carry a translation app. Taiwan uses the New Taiwan Dollar (TWD) as its currency, and credit cards are widely accepted in cities, although cash is preferred in night markets and rural areas.
As a subtropical island, Taiwan has hot, humid summers and mild winters. Typhoon season runs from June to October, so checking the weather forecast before traveling is highly recommended. Tap water is technically safe to drink, but most locals prefer bottled or boiled water.
Transportation and Getting Around
Taiwan is known for its clean, punctual, and efficient public transportation system. The Taiwan High-Speed Rail (HSR) connects major cities along the western coast, allowing travelers to move between Taipei, Taichung, and Kaohsiung in just a few hours. Local trains operated by Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) offer scenic routes through the countryside.
In Taipei and other major cities, the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) systems are incredibly convenient, with signage in English and affordable fares. Contactless EasyCards can be purchased and reloaded at stations and used for MRT, buses, and even purchases at convenience stores. Taxis are widely available, but not all drivers speak English, so having your destination written in Chinese is helpful.
For more remote areas like Taroko Gorge or Sun Moon Lake, renting a scooter or hiring a local driver can provide flexibility. International driver’s permits are required to rent cars or scooters, and driving in Taiwan is on the right-hand side of the road.
Local Etiquette and Safety Tips
Taiwanese people are famously polite, friendly, and respectful, and visitors are expected to reciprocate with basic courtesy. When entering homes or some guesthouses, removing your shoes is customary. Giving and receiving items with both hands is considered polite, especially in formal settings.
When dining out, tipping is not expected, as service charges are usually included in bills. However, leaving small change is appreciated in informal settings. Queuing is strictly followed in Taiwan—whether it’s at bus stops, MRT platforms, or restaurants—so always wait your turn patiently.
Taiwan is one of the safest countries in Asia. Violent crime is rare, and solo travelers, including women, often report feeling secure even at night. Still, like anywhere, be mindful of your belongings in crowded areas. Emergency services are efficient, and the number for police is 110, while medical assistance is available through 119.
Health insurance is recommended, as medical costs for travelers can vary. Pharmacies are easily found, and many speak basic English. Taiwan’s healthcare system is known for its high quality and accessibility.
Summary and Next Steps
Taiwan is a beautiful, culturally rich, and remarkably safe destination for travelers. By understanding the basics—like language, currency, transportation, and etiquette—you can make the most of your journey and avoid unnecessary stress. This guide has introduced you to the most essential travel information for first-time visitors to Taiwan.
If you're ready to start planning, the next step is deciding when to go and what cities or regions to visit. From Taipei's neon-lit night markets to Hualien's breathtaking nature trails, Taiwan is waiting to welcome you with open arms. Safe travels!
